Table 3

Influenza-associated excess deaths in Germany, 1991–2001, estimated by relative mortality distribution modelling

Influenza season
Crude estimatea
Conservativeb

1990 / 91
3670
60
1991 / 92
12676
3345
1992 / 93
15281
10003
1993 / 94
6304
2241
1994 / 95
7911
2738
1995 / 96
33234
21365
1996 / 97
12338
4535
1997 / 98
9296
2172
1998 / 99
21907
15854
1999 / 00
15854
7896
2000 / 01
11136
5757

Total
138471
70209

Average
13601
6906

a observed number of deaths minus expected number of deaths

b observed number of deaths minus upper 90% confidence limit of expected number of deaths

Zucs et al. Emerging Themes in Epidemiology 2005 2:6   doi:10.1186/1742-7622-2-6